Another statute, 28 U.S.C. § 546 (Section 546), specifically addresses vacancies in the office of U.S. Attorney. Provisions governing U.S. Attorney vacancies were first adopted in 1898, 30 years after the original version of the Vacancies Act. Section 546 authorizes the Attorney General to appoint a U.S. Attorney to serve until “the expiration o

The Vacancies Act also specifies certain periods for acting service. An eligible acting officer may serve (1) for a limited period running from “the date the vacancy occurs”—either 210 days, or 300 days during a presidential transition period—and (2) during the pendency of a first or second presidential nomination to that office, with exten

The Vacancies Act authorizes three classes of people to serve temporarily: (1) the first assistant, (2) Senate-confirmed officials, and (3) certain senior agency officials. As a default rule, under 5 U.S.C. § 3345(a)(1), the first assistant to an office automatically becomes the acting officer. The term “first assistant” is not defined in the

Finally, in new resource projects, Kazakhstan may consider evolving its frameworks beyond full concessions toward joint ventures or equity-sharing models. Such a shift would preserve technical partnerships while enhancing domestic control over revenue and governance. To enable this, Kazakhstan must cultivate development banks, long-term investment

In the near term, three possibilities present themselves. First, Kazakhstan can modestly increase export volumes via the Aktau–Baku maritime corridor, feeding into the Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline. This westward route provides some diversification, though its utility is bounded by throughput constraints, weather variability on the Caspi